Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry

The Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry imparts knowledge and interacts with students who are pursuing the III and IV year as well as Interns of the Undergraduate course.

During the two-year period, the students are given a thorough understanding regarding various aspects of development of dentition and occlusion in children, developmental disturbances of teeth, eruption and shedding of teeth, early childhood caries and management, child psychology and various behavior management modalities. This is made possible by a combination of the interactive theory sessions as well as the clinical postings. The clinical training enables them to handle patients with confidence by taking a detailed case history and finally arriving at the appropriate diagnosis in a stepwise manner after obtaining the necessary clinical records of the patient and thereby performing the needful treatment procedures.

The clinical posting is conducted in III and IV year separately which enables the students to learn the subject in an orderly manner and master it by the end of their Internship program.

1. INTRODUCTION TO PEDODONTICS & PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY
   – Definition, Scope, Objectives and Importance.
2. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
   – Importance of study of growth and development in Pedodontics
   – Prenatal and Postnatal factors in growth & development
   – Theories of growth & development.
   – Development of maxilla and mandible and related age changes.
3. DEVELOPMENT OF OCCLUSION from birth through adolescence.
   – Study of variations and abnormalities.
4. DENTAL ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY
   – Development of teeth and associated structures.
   – Eruption and shedding of teeth.
   – Teething disorders and their management.
   – Chronology of eruption of teeth
   – Differences between deciduous and permanent teeth.
   – Development of dentition from birth to adolescence.
   – Importance of first permanent molar.
5. DENTAL RADIOLOGY RELATED TO PEDODONTICS
6. ORAL SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN CHILDREN
   – Indications and contraindications of extractions of primary and permanent teeth in children.
   – Knowledge of Local and General Anesthesia.
   – Minor surgical procedures in children.
7. DENTAL CARIES
   – Historical background.
   – Definition, aetiology & pathogenesis
   – Caries pattern in primary, young permanent and permanent teeth in children.
   – Rampant caries, early childhood caries and extensive caries:
   – Definition, aetiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical features, Complications & Management.
   – Role of diet and nutrition in Dental Caries.
   – Dietary modifications & Diet counseling.
   – Caries activity, tests, caries prediction, caries susceptibility & their clinical application.
8. GINGIVAL & PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN
   – Normal gingival & periodontium in children.
   – Definition, aetiology & Pathogenesis.
   – Prevention & Management of gingival & periodontal diseases.
9. CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
   – Definition
   – Theories of child psychology.
   – Psychological development of children with age.
   – Principles of psychological growth & development while managing child patient
   – Dental fear and its management.
   – Factors affecting child’s reaction to dental treatment.
10. BEHAVIOUR MANAGEMENT
    – Definitions.
    – Types of behaviour encountered in the dental clinic.
    – Non-pharmacological & pharmacological methods of Behaviour Management
11. PEDIATRIC OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
    – Principles of Pediatric Operative Dentistry.
    – Modifications required for cavity preparation in primary and young permanent teeth.
    – Various Isolation Techniques.
    – Restorations of decayed primary, young permanent and permanent teeth in children using various restorative materials like Glass Ionomer, Composites & Silver Amalgam. Stainless steel, Polycarbonate & Resin Crowns.
12. PEDIATRIC ENDODONTICS
    – Principles & Diagnosis.
    – Classification Pulpal Pathology in primary, young permanent & permanent teeth – Management of Pulpally involved primary, young permanent & permanent teeth
13. Pulp capping – direct & indirect
14. Pulpotomy
15. Pulpectomy
16. Apexogenesis
17. Apexification– Obturation Techniques & material used for primary, young permanent & permanent teeth in children
18. TRAUMATIC DENTAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN
    – Classifications & Importance.
    – Sequelae & reaction of teeth to trauma.
    – Management of Traumatized teeth.
19. PREVENTIVE & INTERCEPTIVE ORTHODONTICS
    – Definitions.
    – Problems encountered during primary and mixed dentition phases & their management– Serial extractions.
    – Space management.
20. ORAL HABITS IN CHILDREN
    – Definition, Aetiology & Classification.
    – Clinical features of digit sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing & various other secondary habits.
    – Management of oral habits in children
21. DENTAL CARE OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
    – Definition, Aetiology & Classification, Behavioural and Clinical features & Management of children with:
22. Physically handicapping conditions.
23. Mentally handicapping conditions.
24. Medically compromising conditions.
25. Genetic disorders.
26. CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN
    – Definition, Classification, Clinical features & Management.
27. DENTAL EMERGENCIES IN CHILDREN & THEIR MANAGEMENT
28. DENTAL MATERIALS USED IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY
29. PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY
    – Definition.
    – Principles & Scope.
    – Types of prevention.
    – Different preventive measures used in Pediatric Dentistry including pit and fissure sealants and caries vaccine.
30. DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION & SCHOOL DENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
    FLUORIDES
    – Historical background – Systemic & Topical fluorides.– Mechanism of action.
    – Toxicity & Management.
    – Defluoridation techniques.
31. CASE HISTORY RECORDING
    – Outline of principles of examination, diagnosis & treatment planning
32. SETTING UP OF PEDODONTIC CLINIC
33. ETHICS
34. CLINICAL WORK:
    – Recording tooth notations on patients (FDI tooth numbering system) – 10
    – Case history taking, diagnosis & Treatment planning – 2
35. CLINICAL TRAINING DURING FINAL YEAR B.D.S.
    – Case History taking, Diagnosis & Treatment planning – 10
36. Treatment procedures:
    – Oral prophylaxis – 15
    – Extraction of deciduous teeth – 10
    – Restoration (GIC, Amalgam, Composite) – 25
37. Clinical discussion conducted by the staff:Case history, Diagnosis & Treatment planning in Pediatric Dentistry
    – Pediatric Endodontics
    – Stainless steel crowns and anterior esthetic crowns in children
    – Space Management
    – Drugs in Pediatric Dentistry
    – Exodontia in Pediatric Dentistry
    – Demonstration of pit and fissure sealant application and fluoride application in patients
38. INTERNS: CURRICULUM OF INTERNSHIP PROGRAMME
39. General Guidelines:It shall be task-oriented training. The interns should participate in various institutional and field programmes and be given due responsibility to perform the activities in all departments of the Dental Colleges and associated Institutions.
40. To facilitate achievement of basic skills and attitudes the following facilities should be provided to all dental graduates:
    – History taking, examination, diagnosis, charting and recording treatment plan of cases.
    – Presentation of cases in a group of Seminar.
    – Care and sterilization of instruments used.
    – Performance and interpretation of essential laboratory tests and other relevant investigations.
    – Data analysis and inference.
    – Proper use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and other drugs, as well as other therapeutic modalities.
    – Education of patients, their relatives and community on all aspects of dental health care while working in the institution as also in the field.
    – Communication aimed at inspiring hope, confidence and optimism.
    – Legal rights of patients and obligations of dental graduate under forensic jurisprudence.
41. The interns shall perform/observe the following procedures during their posting in the Departement of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry:
    – Case history taking, Diagnosis and Treatment planning in child patients.
    – Recording intraoral radiographs using Radiovisiography (RVG) and performing radiographic interpretations.
    – Perform the routine treatment procedures like oral prophylaxis, restorative dentistry, extractions in the child patients under the guidance of staff.
    – Perform the preventive procedures like pit and fissure application, fluoride application and motivate the child patients on oral hygiene maintenance imparting oral health education.
    – Perform access cavity preparation in extracted primary teeth – maxillary and mandibular first and second molars.
    – Attend the demonstration of access opening, biomechanical preparation and obturation in primary teeth in child patients.
    – Attend the demonstration of tooth preparation and placement of Stainless crowns and Strip crowns.
    – Attend the demonstration of band adaptation, impression making and soldering for space maintainer appliances.
    – Assist and observe handling of uncooperative child patients while being managed by the staff members.
    – Participate in organizing dental screening and treatment camps in nearby Government and private schools under the Zero Cavity Programme along with the Pediatric Dentistry team.

IV BDS Regular Batch – July/August every year
IV BDS Referred Batch – January/February every year

Exam pattern & Marks:

Distribution of marks:

Criteria for a pass: